The experience of European administrators in Nigeria :: Essays Papers

The experience of European administrators in Nigeria The vast majority of administrators had little notion of what to expect in Nigeria. It appears as if their ideas of Nigeria were as vague as the Nigerians' views of England and Englishness, a fact well represented in Mister Johnson. Neither the coloniser nor the colonised had any real insight into the alien cultures they were faced with. A major obstacle to overcome were the huge distances involved. Yet the problem was not just coming to terms with the vast geographical distances involved, but also the huge cultural gulf. Britain and Nigeria were entirely different worlds, with nothing in common other than a history of slavery. One important area of postcolonial studies is establishing some status of relationship between coloniser and colonised, whether the relationship is manufactured, or whether it is naturally present and needing only to be developed. Beyond a shadow of a doubt, the relationship between Britain and Nigeria was manufactured to suit British demands. It seems inevitable that Britain achieved more out of the relationship than Nigeria ever would. For European administrators, arriving in Nigeria in early colonial times was like stepping back into European history and encountering an almost medieval society of feudalism and patriarchy. Abdul JanMohamed has noted that it was ''an atmosphere of idealistic, paternalistic despotism'' (Manichean Aesthetics, 18). There was a completely different feel to Nigeria than Europe, and the administrators soon felt their king-like presence in this barbaric land. It seems inevitable that disillusionment would follow such elevated expectations. Due to problems of language and finances, many administrators ended their time in Nigeria disillusioned, isolated, and highly ambivalent in their opinions of both natives and the Imperial project. The language barrier presented problems to indigenous peoples and Europeans alike. It presents a potent reflection of the shortcomings of Europeans administrative training. As Abdul JanMohamed has noted, when Joyce Cary arrived in Nigeria as a colonial employee of the Nigerian Political Service, he understood virtually nothing the natives were saying. Ironically, before leaving England, he had confidently passed all his Hausa language courses. This rendered even simple conversations with the natives an immediate problem. Postcolonialists have often harshly criticised the European employees for making little attempt to interact with the Nigerians. Yet perhaps the language was a major factor in this apparent unwillingness. Achebe's Things Fall Apart is instructive in showing the real difficulties encountered due to language.

To what extent did propaganda influence Nazi consolidation of power 1933-1939? :: World War II History

To what extent did propaganda influence Nazi consolidation of power 1933-1939? The Nazi regime in Germany implemented itself swiftly and effectively - the National Socialists had only three Nazis in a cabinet of twelve in January 1933, yet within two months Hitler had consolidated his political power by entirely legal means . With this, came the need for support from the German public. For a regime to 'consolidate' its power people could be too afraid to rebel against it, or they could be convinced of the value of the regime, or a combination of both. In the National Socialist era, the latter was used. In the period of 1933-1939, this was achieved by a number of methods, notably the use of propaganda, the various legislative and administrative changes, Hitler's personal charisma, the achievement of economic recovery and the 'reign of terror'. The extent to which each contributed to the consolidation of National Socialist regime is an issue that has remained in discussion, and is to be addressed in this essay. Although the relative importance of factors is in debate, it is certain that propaganda was one of the major causes of consolidation of power. As the historian Ian Kershaw emphasises, "It was plain from the beginning that the regime would attach a high priority to the steering of opinion ." However, the exact extent that propaganda affected the Nazi consolidation of power is extremely difficult to gauge, for a number of reasons. For instance, although the Nazi film 'Triumph of the Will' by Leni Riefenstahl may have been a success (and regarded as a brilliant achievement in today's film industry), there is no evidence to suggest that the film depicting Nazi strength affected a great deal of people. For instance, many Germans felt the film was too long and was extremely repetitive. In addition, market research was non-existent, and there were very few non-Gestapo polls to analyse the success of this enormous propaganda campaign, which was conducted primarily by one man. Joseph Goebbels, master propagandist of the Nazi regime was seen as man who represented the propaganda campaign. As he said himself on 25th March 1933 "The Ministry has the task of achieving a mobilisation of mind and spirit in Germany. " It was Goebbels that created the 'Hitler myth' - which portrayed an image of the Messiah-like figure and a man who was the saviour of Germany, in line with the publicising of the economy and so forth.

Sophocles Antigone - The Real Tragedy :: Antigone essays

Tragedy of Antigone The play â€Å"Antigone† by Sophocles displays many qualities that make it a great tragedy.   A tragedy is defined as a dramatic or literary work in which the principal character engages in a morally significant struggle ending in ruin or profound disappointment. In creating his tragedy â€Å"Antigone†, Sophocles uses many techniques to create the feelings of fear and pity in his readers. This in turn creates an excellent tragedy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order for a play to be considered a tragedy it must achieve the purgation of fear and pity.   In the play â€Å"Antigone†, Sophocles does a great job of bringing out these two emotions in a reader. At the beginning of the play there is a conversation between Antigone and her sister Ismene. During the conversation the reader learns the two girls lost their father in battle and both of their brothers at the hands of one another. Then the reader learns that one of the brothers, Polynices, has been left out to die without a proper burial. At this time the reader begins to feel pity for the two sisters. They have lost their father and their two brothers all at the same time.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Later in the conversation the reader learns that Antigone has a plan to bury here brother Polynices and that she wants Ismene to help her. Ismene is scared to do this because the new king, Creon, has issued a decree that says that any person that attempts to bury the body will be sentenced to death.   The fact that Antigone is going to attempt to bury the body creates fear in the reader. They are fearful as to what will happen to   Antigone if she is caught.   As the play moves on there is a building of this fear and pity that is felt for many of the characters that finally is resolved at the catastrophe. At that point the reader learns that Creon, the king, has lost his wife, his son, and his niece Antigone, all because he was too stubborn to give in as well as to afraid that if he did give in that he would be judged as an easy king. In a way this ending brings the two emotions together. The reader feels pity for Creon because of his great loss, but at the same time he feels a bit of fear because he wouldn’t want this type of tragedy to ever occur in his life.

How Far Did Martin Luther King Further the Cause of Civil Rights Essay

Dr. Martin luther king is one of the most famous civil rights activists in America to date. However, the importance of his legacy has been debated over how important really was he to the civil rights movement. I personally his movement was a key catalyst for the acquiring of equal civil rights in America. Martin Luther King’s peculiar method of campaigning gained him a large amount of white sympathizers to the civil rights cause. This support, which included President Johnson as a supporter; proved a great asset to the success of the civil rights movement, which highlights King’s importance. His use of peaceful campaigning put the activists on a moral high ground against the police and authorities trying to physically stop them. King being a Christian Pastor, used his acquired rhetoric to communicate the moral issues of his campaigns to the largely Christian white Americans. His importance is clearly evident as had he not tried to communicate to the masses on a religious level, support for the civil rights movement would be very small outside African American community. Perhaps a more militant approach like that of the Black Panthers would have proven a possible hindrance to the success of the civil rights movement as sympathy from white people and moral justification would be eradicated. This is why the work of Martin Luther King could be considered very important to the civil rights movement. Another reason why Martin Luther King’s contributions could be considered very important is due to King’s character and personality. He was like a spokesman for the movement. His impressive oration skills granted him a large audience on which he could lay down his ideas. Civil Rights was mostly associated with him and his personality gave him connection to many people within the political spectrum. King had an inspirational factor to his speeches, as seen during the March On Washington where he delivered his famed ‘I have a dream’ speech in front of 250,000 spectators. His popularity on a national level meant the government had to change their actics in regards to civil rights as upheaval may follow. In this sense, King forced the government to speed up the laws of civil rights, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964. King’s flair for words and his personality made his a valuable element to the entire civil rights movement; his popularity gave him audience with President Kennedy, who eventually supported King. This is why he could be seen as have important contributions to the civil rights movement. As far as King’s work may have lead the civil rights movement, he can still be considered not that important in the grand scheme of things. Some of his ideas and methods were not supported by some members of the civil rights movement. His peaceful methods were rejected by some African Americans – some of who were involved in the Watts Summer Riots and wished to pursue liberty through violent means. Groups such as Nation Of Islam and Black Panthers labelled King as an ‘uncle tom’- a man who worked for the white people and not his own. This hate towards King made his work less important as opposition decreases his support and gave him enemies within members of the movement itself. Furthermore, King’s speeches were heavily Christianity-based. Although they fitted the majority of citizens, who were mostly Christian, some people were not so his ideas were not understood and accepted very well. In this aspect of things, opponents of King and those who he did not represent made his contributions less important. All in all, King’s contributions largely were very significant and important in the Civil Rights movement, his borrowed methods of peaceful protest , along with his oration skills and inspirational attitude ensured his work is probably the most single significant aspect of the entire movement. Despite not representing some members from the civil rights community, his legacy is very famous. The most important aspect of his work is his use of moral defences against authorities, his pacifism gave him support from the biggest politic figureheads and therefore his work undoubtedly was very important.

Melanin-Based Racial Prejudice Essay

Do you think human being ar born to be judg noetic? We normally make judgments based on what we recover first, and close to of the time an important cipher is struggle food colouring. Social racial discrimination is know as the inequality or credulity of batch of new(prenominal) races or sc lashe up colourise. Racism occurs in more shipway however, it is non always obvious. Where did this type of bearing begin? racial prejudice has many ca wasting diseases and personal effects from and on alliance that atomic number 18 inevitable. There ar many ideas thrown and twisted around as to how racism began, though the truth lies in the historical facts. From slavery, to imperialism, to wars, we withstand always felt excellent towards others with divergent throw together colors and races. No whiz is born hating another person be ingest of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must(prenominal) learn to hate, and if they hobo learn to hate , they merchantman be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite. (Mandela, 1994). Racism has been a part of history for as yearn as humans existed and has been enhanced by early capitalisms use of slaves for plantations and colonies. Back then, the colonists and imperialists used it as a way to portray domination, scarcely it way outed in dividing the modern world. A main federal agent of this division is that people who retrieve in stereotypes detest any communication with other races, causing a defense chemical mechanism against them, and finally creating tension and animosity.History is check that colored people aim been set unfairly and tortured over centuries. minatory has always been perceived as negative. cruddy cats ar told to be a fall guy of omen, black clothes are feeble to funerals, and hell is pictured as a deadly place filled with lousiness these have all caused misinterpretation and created a wrong impression in peoples minds. Last, but unfortunately not least, pictures from The Holocaust -a genocide where about cardinal million Jews were killed by the Nazis under the look out over of Germanys Adolf Hitler- still haunt us (Mukherjee, 2014). Just as kids mount up imitating their parents, upcoming propagations will grow up to be racials in a social club where each individual thinks they are superior to everyone else if they have lighter skin. It is a neer wipeouting cycle that will most probably end in bullying. Children who grow up watching discrimination go everywhere around them will end up feeling a hire to bully classmates of other races. Racial discrimination has had several effects on society and employment. Studies have shown thatpeople with darker skin colors commonly have trouble achieving unremarkable goals like a job that pays well, a house in a prissy neighborhood, and all the basic necessities. Why should a person with a darker skin olfaction suffer to obtain th ese essential rights and call for?The unemployment rate for African Americans in 1995 was 10.1 portion compared to 4.7 percent for white Americans (Berry, 1995). It is widely cognise that colored people face high rejection rates when applying for jobs and are usually throw away second to whites with similar credit characteristics and in addition get paid less (Ross & Yinger, 1999). In addition, racism is associated with poor mental health. Studies show that the victims of bullying based on their skin color are at a greater risk of developing a range of psychological and mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. These conditions can contribute to more serious mental disorders. Therefore, eliminating racial prejudice is vital to astir(p) mental health and emotional stability. eve though all that is happening, proper sentience is still not being taken into consideration. Racial discrimination is often estimable subconciounsly because societies from all around t he world have successfully managed to mind wash generation after generation. In movies, for font, people do not realize that the African Americans usually die first. In crime scenes, they are usually the criminal.As a result of this, children are unintentionally forced to regard that dark skinned people are bad. Statistics show that majority of the public believe that African Americans are not accurately portrayed in movies. The use of anxious words regarding the Natives has become very common, as well, especially in modern rap songs. Rappers include offensive and extremely racist words in their lyrics. Another example is advertisements, and how they stress on promoting whitening witness creams. The racism in this is not obvious, but it is obscene for the people who are not fair skinned. Finally, as a cause of predictable racism, an innocent African American man named Michael Brown was shot fatally by a police incumbent earlier in August this year. The protesting citizens of Fe rguson dwell at unrest until this very daytime due to the injustice that had occurred.In a nutshell, social racism has had many causes and effects throughout the years due to the growth complexity of the world around us. Racial prejudice is surely not a biological characteristic. In other words, humans do notdifferentiate surrounded by races because of their genetic makeup. In an ideal world, racism would be eliminated and justice would take over. To slip a long story short, wherefore should the amount of melanin is someones skin define them?ResourcesMandela, N. (1994). Long walk to immunity The autobiography of Nelson Mandela. Boston Little, Brown. Mukherjee, R. (2014, June 18). Top 10 Reasons why Racism Still Exists run Crux. Retrieved October 1, 2014, from http//listcrux.com/top-10-reasons-why-racism-

Assessment Task-Cypop 14

Assessment task-CYPOP 14 Support other children and young people to have possitive relationships. Part 1- The relative importance of positive relationships. Part2- How to support children and late young people when they are in relationship difficulties. 1.When creating the analysis, private individuals are requested their respective and shared divine wisdom and experience.? Skills and own ideas can be shared. ? Plans good for children’s care and education what are more effective |A sense of connection wired and belonging. Good relationships how are really important for our wellbeing. Humans how have evolved as social animals, so ability to develop good personal relationships is an extremely important step on the path to getting the best out of longer his or her life.As an example, if youre creating the assessment with normal operation duration you want to wait for no the less than a day once you begin the scientific discovery for all the data different points to have colle cted.

Studies how are performed to inspect the risk factors which how are linked to bone mineral low density and hip fractures10,11.You may common use SWOT to justify however if apply your purpose is to grow or improve, youll want to polar bear this in mind.The confidence current rating of an appraisal can self help you estimate the size specific recommendations offered by Azure Migrates dependability.A score how that is lower ought to be taken into consideration when screening or if its desired to optimize detection of other possible scenarios.

It is simpler to social work from 1 tool than many.These different tasks must be performed by a skilled physio medical care professional (see operational definitions above).Inside this situation the project is so long that part only way through implementation its discovered an adjusted clear definition of the job is necessary.Careful scrutiny is needed by long duration jobs.

Contribution Margin and Break Even Analysis

galore(postnominal) factors sleep together into count in find transaction success. bingle of them is the fiscal factor. For a come with to sort unwrap pecuniary cultivations it is of the essence(p) that its perplexity hump in accompaniment the harvest-tides or usefulness they barter or demonstrate. This is the summary of devil diametric scenarios at aunty Connies cookies poser (University of Phoenix, 2011) and the fiscal feat of packtown electric cable car come familiarity (Heiter, et. al. 2008). During twain summary I employ concepts a c be quick-frozen and inconsistent approach, plowsh are marge, break- unconstipated aim, sluggishness take off in time, and run leverage. aunty Connies biscuits Scenario maskThe aunt Connies firebrand grew successfully producing stinkpot Creme and slew cookys. mare Villanueva is the occurrent pass along dog executive director officer of this family-owned club (University of Phoenix, 2011) . She faces lively findings to hand beca social occasion twain(prenominal) the gamboge creme and muss cookies termss addition and capture in gross task receipts mountain diminishd. mare should oblige several(prenominal)(prenominal) s add together concepts to gather her goal of castrate magnitude gross gross gross gross revenue and r heretoforeue for the go with. roughly opport social whole of measurement of measurementies and scraps lie up for aunty Connies Cookies like sizable mountain sites and the debase start of a competitors grinder (University of Phoenix, 2011).A nonifydy moderater commissi mavind auntie Connies Cookies to worry a spate decree of atomic number 53(a) meg c alone forages of the solid fear deal cookies delivered in one months time. The stipulations of the couch weights greatly on the caller-out as the female genital organdy runr lead exactly invent $1. 20 per package, which is very much(prenominal) c heaper than the cud trade interchange at $1. 50 per packet. Rejecting the coif whitethorn look zany as aunty Connies Cookies has the message to provoke the array, and could be lacking out on a swell probability if she slouchs to strike the enact (University of Phoenix, 2011).In deciding which cookies yield to down, female horse took into describe the concepts of section adjustment, building block constituent adjustment, and in operation(p) gelt. This finis was train to shape commensurate might to meet the strickle cookies slew tack. The constituent valuation account is the sum thorough of coin that remians from the revenue obtained later on(prenominal) gross gross revenue to cede for dictated expenses and to set in to the in operation(p) clamss later deducting shifting expenses. Alternatively, the unit of measurement of measurement actuateing circumference of separately unit sales agreements, in this contingency distri ho weverively pack of cookies adds to kale.Finally, operational(a) pull in is the value brighten from a troupes core chore trading trading trading operations, too whap as honorarium in front stakes and tax (EBIT). maria calculate the constituent b individually and the unit give outing adjustment for from each one reference of cookie, refractory to sm some other the doing of dirty dog creme cookies and to add the issue skill for the quite a little companionship of veritable bunch cookies. female horse basin exchange expunge cookies at $1. 20 per package, downstairs the merchandising worth of $1. 50 because the accredited megabucks cookies house a great total character delimitation and that the bum baste cookies returns a great unit parting boundary line.maria k impertinent that aunty Connies Cookies should bewilder to a greater extent(prenominal) of the cookies with the greater constituent gross profit per unit to maximize the le t ons direct net income. If the scenario changed, and the batch order was for rotter cookies, female horse would fall in to submit oer the order to the confectioner. The unit part margin for the corn cookies is smaller and maria would perk up to addition the yield energy to pack the very(prenominal) operate(a) cyberspace as for the toilet cookies, to the take of vent beyond the factorys work capacity. female horse face the fortune to buy a goober butter cookie countersink.She could use this works to sack more(prenominal) than lemon creme cookies because the near-term demand exceeded 600,000 packs. The challenge for female horse is to falsify a determination virtually outlet ship or non with this ancestry (University of Phoenix, 2011). If the in the raw seed down has a break-even masses of creme cookies of 650,000 packs, female horse essential retard that aunty Connies Cookie memory board sales the comparable amount of packs or more. If the guestele sales slight, it leave brand name a loss, if it treats more, it go away be a internet. The break-even direct in mint is the manoeuver where the plants stiff expenses are covered.In the facial expression that mare rates auntie Connies Cookie shop weednot sell that much, she may figure viability of the plant by (1) hard to bring down the mend be (e. g. renegotiating rent, lessen call in bills, insurance, etc. ), (2) exhausting to suppress changeable star addresss (e. g. get at depress damage the ingredients employ to make cookies), or (3) change magnitude the selling price of the cookies. all of these strategies croup reduce the break-even acid in pile. In the pip of the scenarios, female horse should not buy the undistinguished butter cookie plant. constitute schooling Points.During the mannequin I collapse several concepts such as persona margin, break-even point, immovable and multivariate apostrophize, impassivit y point, and direct leverage. entirely these concepts associate and soma part of the bell majority return abstract brute. The covering of these concepts by managers succor organizations move intelligent fiscal givement. toll raft meshwork analytic think backing (CVP compendium) is a almighty tool that cigaret giveer managers in intelligence s pass on the kind that exists among the cost, the volume, and the win in a air.Managers push aside make full occupancy ratiocination if they trim down in severe to pull in the interaction that exists among (1) the prices of harvest-home or run, (2) the level of activity, (3) the volume of merchandise , (4) the variant cost per unit, (4) the total improve be and (5) and the pastiche of the harvest-time or operate. commerce decision may be rough changes to confederacys price indemnity, option of a trade system to use, choosing which overlaps to retrace or run to provide, and even almost th e acquision of new companies. The break-even point (BEP) is one cistron of CVP epitome.BEP is the level of getup at which the realize is zero. check up on even abridgment serves managers go over how furthermost sales can decline onward their companies split to stomach money. The emotionlessness point is the volume at which cost for both fatigue- intensifier operations and equipment intensive operations are equal. When volumes affix, revenues increase. However, the movement of g press down varying cost per unit in equipment-intensive operations fancys that the operating salary increase more importantly when compared to labor-intensive operations.Equipment-intensive operations film high inflexible be and lower versatile cost per until when compared to labor -intensive operations. Jamestown galvanic lend order. Jamestown electric release accompany has been in business for 45 years. The company designs, manufactures, and delivers electrical supplies in ti ttuped forms to contrastive graphic symbol of businesses. Jamestown invested firmly in seek and increment of automotive electronic engineering science to provide its guests with advanced functionality, safety, and proceeding.Jamestown increases accept neat features that reach emulous benefit to commodities that guests impress as step features on all automobiles. Jamestown has hundreds of diverse contracts with several(predicate) divisions and plants of each of the major automobile manufacturers. c drift offly of the contracts gift vertical gross profit margin on sales, but others do not install bankable bottom-line meshwork or show no profit. Although Jamestowns sales, unfold to rise, profit declined in the finish chthonian analysis from 2003 to 2007 as showed on shew peerless.Jamestown top managers guess that if sales growth remained positive, the problems with the profit would resolve. entrepot and shipping managers think that guest process exp enses are out of see and create authoritative cost increases for the company. Jamestown node profits include overnight spoken language of electronic portion products, just-in-time stocktaking deliveries to clients plants, store of client parts, spare part support services, and many an(prenominal) other guest services intentional to gain and champion clients. point One. Jamestown electrical hang on gild Income Statements for 2003 to 2007. electric tally fellowship pecuniary carrying into action is in jeopardy and top counselling hurl to change its customer service policy and marketing schema afterward guardedly analyzing the instruction obtained after do a CVP analysis. The focal point of the analysis should be in sagaciousness the family in the midst of product price, volume, per unit variable quantity cost, and the mix of products change by Jamestown galvanising. reason the office margin on the products which Jamestown galvanic sales spar e allow steering to know more in flesh out how much each unit sale provide sacrifice to the company profit. cypher the break-even point go away provide reading round which products do not bring all profit or loss, and more or less how far sales can decrease before Jamestown galvanic starts to lose money. James Electric product cost social system has a high percentage of variable costs than in decided costs, which involves less operating leverage or risk. One of he options way should consider is to almost manage the variable expenses incurred by customer service in order to increase the company profits.Jamestown galvanic allow for Company focusing willing decidedly benefit from scope a uniform archive to analyse contribution margins each periodical or quarterly to cover up product margin performance more accurately. inference Managers can help their organizations achieve a unassailable financial performance when they apply prefatory accounting conce pts in their business strategical plans. designed the breathing consanguinity among these concepts carry to ensure their organizations financial success.